预防COVID-19是由多社会风险塑造的:对服务不足人群中疫苗接种和测试差异的横截面研究
David R Brown1, Derek D Cyr2, Lisa Wruck2
1Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 17, 2025
概括
多社会风险,结合多种健康和社会因素,显著影响COVID-19疫苗的接种和检测在服务不足的人群中. 识别这些累积风险是针对性公共卫生干预的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
背景情况:
- 了解健康的社会决定因素 (SDOH) 对解决COVID-19预防性护理差异至关重要.
- 之前的研究记录了个别的风险因素,但缺乏对疫苗接种和测试的累积影响的量化.
- 贫困人口在获得和利用COVID-19预防措施方面面临着独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估地理人口,经济和健康相关因素对COVID-19疫苗接种和测试的综合影响.
- 应用一个多社会风险框架来量化累积风险暴露.
- 为了确定针对性公共卫生干预的高风险人群.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自NIH快速加速诊断 - 服务不足人群 (RADx-UP) 计划的9758名参与者的横截面数据.
- 采用多变量通用估计方程 (GEE) 来分析多社会风险和预防行为之间的关联.
- 定义的多社会风险,基于交叉的地理人口,经济和健康相关因素.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,COVID-19疫苗接种率为72.5%,测试率为82.1%.
- 具有高多社会风险的个体接种疫苗的可能性降低了43-48个百分点 (p < 0.001).
- 测试差异较小但显著,根据风险概况,差异在2至27个百分点之间.
结论:
- 多社会风险建模有效地识别了从预防性护理中脱离的人群.
- 研究结果支持精确的公共卫生干预措施,以改善COVID-19疫苗的接种和测试.
- 多社会风险方法适用于慢性疾病,癌症查和母婴健康方面的更广泛的健康差异.
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