改进流感疫苗的优先设定:一个多标准决策分析
Carlo Federici1, Sara Sá Silva2, Mitsuki Koh3
1Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management, SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy.
Vaccine
|July 17, 2025
概括
在低收入和中等收入国家,改进的流感疫苗 (IIV) 尚未得到充分使用. 这项研究确定了IIVs的关键决策标准,强调了疫苗采用优先考虑的有效性和保护持续时间.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 季节性流感疫苗显著降低了全球疾病负担,但在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的吸收率很低.
- 世界卫生组织的完善流感疫苗评估 (FVIVA) 计划旨在了解改善流感疫苗 (IIV) 采用的障碍.
- 对于IIV,LMIC决策者的优先考虑对于提高疫苗利用率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索LMIC决策者的优先事项和偏好,以改善流感疫苗 (IIVs).
- 确定评估和选择IIV的关键标准,以改善其在国家免疫计划中的采用.
- 评估用于优化疫苗组合的多标准决策分析 (MCDA) 的可行性和接受性.
主要方法:
- 肯尼亚和泰国使用多标准决策分析 (MCDA) 框架来评估改进的流感疫苗 (IIV).
- 通过文献审查,专家咨询和利益相关方研讨会,制定了IIV评估标准.
- 使用摇摆权重和两截式方法来获得标准权重和分数,结果与当前和假设的IIV进行验证.
主要成果:
- 肯尼亚和泰国确定了IIV评估的七个关键标准,其中六个是常见的:疫苗有效性,保护持续时间,保护范围,安全性 (严重不良事件),储存要求 (温度) 和保质期.
- 两国都观察到对这些标准的一致评分和加权.
- 在另外11个国家的利益相关者研讨会提供了对IIV偏好的更广泛的理解.
结论:
- 在13个国家确定了一套改进型流感疫苗 (IIV) 的核心决策标准.
- 多标准决策分析 (MCDA) 已被证明是基于证据的疫苗组合优先级的公认和可行的方法.
- 未来IIV的发展应优先考虑国家确定的标准,以加强其融入国家免疫计划.
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