根据与更健康的种族和民族人口的比较,估计可避免的死亡率2001-2023年
Steven H Woolf1, Derek A Chapman2
1Department of Family Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia.
American journal of preventive medicine
|July 17, 2025
概括
数以百万计的死亡是可避免的,由于美国的种族和民族死亡率差异. 这项研究显示,自2010年以来,可避免的死亡率越来越高,特别是在男性中,这凸显了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
背景情况:
- 之前关于死亡率差异的研究集中在黑人和白人之间的差距上.
- 这项研究扩大了范围,包括多个种族族群和参考人口.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计各种美国种族种族人口中可避免的死亡.
- 分析死亡率差异的时间,性别和州一级趋势.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 2001-2023年的死亡率数据.
- 使用直接标准化与多个较低死亡率的参考组计算可避免的死亡.
- 根据时间,性别和状态检查了经年龄调整的可避免死亡率.
主要成果:
- 在2001年至2023年期间,可避免的死亡人数从1700万至450万 (非西班牙裔黑人),1230万至2150万 (非西班牙裔白人) 和120万 (西班牙裔) 之间,根据参考人口而有所不同.
- 平均死亡率最初下降,但在2010-2013年后上升,在COVID-19大流行期间大幅增加,特别是在男性中.
- 最高的可避免死亡率在地理上集中:中西部 (非西班牙裔黑人),南部 (非西班牙裔白人) 和西南部 (西班牙裔).
结论:
- 种族和种族之间的死亡率差异构成了严重的公共卫生负担,影响了多个美国人口.
- 使用多样化的参考人群为可避免的死亡提供了新的视角.
- 解决这些差异需要解决根本原因和健康的社会生态背景.
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