利用跨国企业减少中国不断升级的区域碳不平等
Kailan Tian1,2, Yu Zhang3, Jing Meng4
1State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Sciences, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature communications
|July 17, 2025
概括
多国企业最初加剧了中国的地区不平等和碳排放. 后来,内陆和清洁技术的转变大大减少了这种不平衡,提供了政策见解.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 区域科学 地区科学
- 工业组织 工业组织 工业组织
背景情况:
- 跨国企业 (MNE) 显著影响区域经济和环境差异.
- 中国的快速发展使得多国企业的影响分布不均.
- 了解多国企业在碳排放不平等中的作用,对于可持续发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估跨国企业对中国区域碳排放不平等的影响,相对于增值收益.
- 分析多国企业对区域差异贡献的空间和时间动态.
- 确定利用多国企业为平衡发展和减缓气候变化带来的政策影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了一个环境扩展的省际输入输出模型.
- 在中国的省级行政部门中对多国企业的活动进行了差异化.
- 分析了1997-2012年和2012-2017年的数据,以捕捉动态变化.
主要成果:
- 从1997年到2012年,跨国企业集中在沿海地区,在不太发达的内陆地区造成超过50%的跨国企业相关碳排放,尽管附加值贡献低.
- 这种不平衡在最初的时期显著加剧了区域不平等.
- 在2012-2017年期间,多国企业的内陆搬迁和扩张到清洁技术行业大幅减少了区域不平等.
结论:
- 多国企业的战略搬迁和行业重点是缓解区域碳排放不平等的关键驱动因素.
- 利用多国企业的知识溢出效应是减少排放和不平等的可行战略.
- 政策干预可以有效地指导跨国企业的部署,以实现可持续发展目标,平衡经济增长与环境公平.
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