皮质厚度和海马体体积的基线和纵向变化预测认知能力下降
Gengsheng Chen1,2, Nicole S McKay1,2, Brian A Gordon1,2,3
1Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|July 18, 2025
概括
磁共振成像 (MRI) 可以预测患有阿尔茨海默病风险的个体的认知衰退. 通过MRI检测到的结构性大脑变化,如海马体积的减少,可以识别那些可能在未来经历认知障碍的人.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 识别患有阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险的个体对于疾病修饰治疗至关重要.
- 目前用于早期AD检测的生物标志物包括粉样蛋白PET,CSF分析和血液检测.
- 通过MRI检测到的结构性大脑变化可能会在几十年之前出现痴呆症,这提供了预测潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估海马体积和皮质厚度对认知衰退的预测能力.
- 确定基于MRI的结构性大脑指标是否可以识别面临认知衰退风险的个体,而不依赖特定的AD生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 利用了344名参与者的MRI数据 (50-86岁的认知正常或轻度认知障碍).
- 评估皮层厚度和海马体积的纵向变化.
- 采用随机系数模型来分析结构变化,并使用全球认知复合分数预测认知衰退.
主要成果:
- 基线皮质厚度和海马体积预测所有参与者的认知能力下降.
- 在没有认知障碍的个体中,皮质厚度和海马体积的下降独立预测下降.
- 在轻度认知障碍的参与者中,降低海马体积预测了进一步的认知衰退.
结论:
- 基于MRI的结构性大脑测量在预测未来认知衰退方面是有效的.
- 磁力共振成像是识别高风险个体的宝贵工具,特别是随着全球人口的老龄化.
- 这些发现支持MRI用于神经退行性疾病早期风险分层的使用.
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