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在南非肉牛中,在早期和传统的断奶实践下调查牛犊的生产性表现

Brent Damian Jammer¹, Willem Abraham Lombard¹, Henry Jordaan¹

¹Department of Agricultural Economics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.

Veterinary and animal science

|July 18, 2025

概括

邦斯马拉牛的早期断奶 (EW) 通过缩短分娩期间来提高生殖效率,而常规断奶 (CW) 则导致小牛的断奶重量更高. 最佳的断奶实践取决于具体的群体管理目标.

科学领域:

动物科学动物科学
生殖生物学生殖生物学
牛肉牛生产牛肉牛生产

背景情况:

断奶年龄显著影响肉牛的生产力和生殖效率.
关于南非牛肉系统中早期断奶 (EW) 实践的研究有限.
邦斯马拉牛是南非牛肉生产的关键品种.

研究的目的:

为了研究在早期断奶 (EW) 和传统断奶 (CW) 期间的邦斯马拉牛-小牛对的生产性表现.
为了比较EW (90天) 和CW (205天) 对小牛体重和生殖参数的影响.
为了确定影响小牛205天体重的关键因素.

主要方法:

这项研究涉及南非弗雷德地区的152只邦斯马拉牛-小牛对.
将原生雌牛与EW小牛与CW小牛的雌牛 (原生雌牛和第二次分娩) 进行比较.
利用通用线性模型 (GLM) 分析影响205天小牛体重的因素.

主要成果:

传统的断奶 (CW) 导致每只小牛的断奶重量显著增加 (+27公斤).
早期断奶 (EW) 减少了分娩间的时间 (347天而不是419天),并提高了生育能力.
断奶习惯和母生犊体重是205天小牛体重的重要预测因素;更重的母生下更重的小牛.

结论:

早期断奶 (EW) 提高了生殖效率,并在易遭受干旱的环境中提供了优势.
传统的断奶 (CW) 可以最大限度地增加小牛的活体体重.
结果表明,活体体重增加和生殖效率之间的权衡,需要南非牛肉系统的特定环境的断奶策略.

关键词:

决策方式决策方式提高生产效率,提高生产效率断奶管理断奶管理断奶时的体重断奶时的体重

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