美国公立学校在极端炎热的日子中的社会差异
Jayajit Chakraborty1, Sara Soroka1
1Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California, 2400 Bren Hall, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
SSM - population health
|July 18, 2025
概括
学校的孩子们面临着不平等的极端高温暴露. 少数民族和低收入学生参加的学校有更极端的炎热天,突出了教育中的关键环境正义问题.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
背景情况:
- 儿童特别容易受到极端高温的影响.
- 学校是儿童花费大量时间的环境.
- 现有的研究还没有充分解决学校的热暴露差异.
研究的目的:
- 在美国公立学校进行第一个全国性关于极端炎热天气中社会人口差异的研究.
- 检查种族/种族和社会经济地位如何与学校环境中的热暴露有关.
主要方法:
- 使用绝对 (>90°F) 和相对 (>局部第95百分位数) 温度值,测量了极端高温天气的年度频率.
- 将热量数据与学生和学校特征 (种族/种族,免费/减少午餐资格) 联系起来,以限制美国.
- 采用多变量模型来控制空间聚类和上下文因素.
主要成果:
- 种族/民族少数群体和低收入学生 (免费/减价午餐有资格) 在学校中占有过多的比例,这些学校的炎热天气最为极端.
- 使用绝对和相对温度值观察到差异,对于特定的种族/种族群体有一些差异.
- 西班牙裔和美洲印第安人的学生参加学校的频率明显更高的极端炎热的日子.
结论:
- 迫切需要将学龄儿童纳入热暴露差异研究.
- 需要在不同地理区域进行进一步的调查.
- 制定公平的干预措施和学校热保护政策至关重要.
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