荷兰的肺外结核病,流行病学概述,1993-2022年
Frouke A Procee1,2, Jizzo R Bosdriesz2,3,4, Frank G J Cobelens1,5
1Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
概括
肺外结核 (EPTB) 在荷兰正在增加,特别是在妇女,儿童和移民中. 早期检测和有针对性的干预措施对于应对这种日益严重的公共卫生挑战至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肺外结核 (EPTB) 在发病率低的国家提出了诊断和治疗方面的挑战.
- 在荷兰,EPTB的比例正在增加,特别是在移民人口中,尽管结核病 (TB) 总体发病率正在下降.
研究的目的:
- 检查1993年至2022年期间在荷兰与EPTB相关的社会人口统计学,移民相关和临床因素.
- 通过了解EPTB趋势,为结核病诊断和护理策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从荷兰结核病登记 (1993-2022) 中对34,048名结核病患者进行了回顾性定量分析.
- 后勤回归用于识别与EPTB相关的因素.
- 评估EPTB和肺结核 (PTB) 的时间趋势,按年龄,出生国和居住时间分层.
主要成果:
- 在研究期间,EPTB的比例从37%上升到50%.
- 在女性和14岁以下的儿童中,EPTB更为常见.
- 外国出生的个人,特别是来自特定的亚洲和非洲国家的人,以及感染艾滋病毒的人,患EPTB的几率更高. 长期居民 (>10年) 也经常被诊断为EPTB.
结论:
- 越来越多的EPTB比例需要针对高风险群体进行有针对性的干预,包括妇女,儿童和移民.
- 加强查,早期检测和预防策略对于减少EPTB发病率和死亡率至关重要.
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