关于神经网络抗干扰特性的研究:对化学突触和电突触的比较研究
1Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Frontiers in neuroscience
|July 18, 2025
概括
这项研究表明,拉比诺维奇化学突触 (RS) 与电突触 (ES) 和汉塞尔化学突触 (HS) 相比,提供了更好的神经同步和抗干扰. 纽曼-沃茨小世界拓进一步增强了生物启发的神经网络中的信号传输和噪声弹性.
科学领域:
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
- 网络科学 网络科学
- 生物启发的计算 生物启发的计算
背景情况:
- 神经同步和抗干扰对生物大脑至关重要.
- 了解突触类型和网络拓如何影响这些属性是开发强大的生物灵感模型的关键.
- 现有的模型往往难以复制生物系统中观察到的噪声弹性.
研究的目的:
- 在数值上模拟和比较不同突触类型 (电气,汉塞尔化学,拉比诺维奇化学) 和网络拓 (环,纽曼-瓦茨小世界) 对神经同步和反干扰的影响.
- 在各种刺激信号下评估这些网络的性能,包括那些带有叠加噪声的信号.
- 确定最佳配置,以提高生物灵感神经网络中的噪声弹性.
主要方法:
- 利用霍奇金-哈克斯利神经元模型来构建神经网络.
- 实现的电突触 (ES),汉塞尔化学突触 (HS) 和拉比诺维奇化学突触 (RS).
- 采用环和纽曼-瓦茨 (NW) 小世界网络拓.
- 使用MATLAB和Simulink对正弦波和噪音正弦波刺激信号的模拟反应.
- 分析了相关系数和信号延迟,以评估同步和性能.
主要成果:
- 拉比诺维奇化学突触 (RS) 合网络与ES和HS合网络相比,表现出优越的同步和抗干扰能力,特别是在杂的条件下.
- 与环形拓学相比,纽曼-瓦茨 (NW) 小世界拓学显著降低了信号传输延迟 (RS<50毫秒),并改善了整体网络性能.
- 汉塞尔化学突触 (HS) 网络表现出相当大的信号延迟 (>150毫秒),而ES网络表现中等.
- 在NW网络中增加的网络拓复杂性导致了尖峰时间变化率的降低,并增强了远端神经元的发射同步,改善了干扰抑制.
结论:
- 拉比诺维奇化学突触 (RS) 对于在生物灵感网络中实现强大的神经同步和干扰抑制非常有效.
- 纽曼 - 沃茨 (NW) 小世界拓在减少信号延迟和提高噪声弹性方面具有优势.
- 将RS合与NW拓相结合,为开发模仿生物噪声弹性先进的生物灵感计算系统提供了一个有前途的战略.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
02:47The Synapse
127.4K
Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
127.4K
01:28Electrical Synapses
8.9K
Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
8.9K
01:25Overview of Synapses
3.0K
A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
3.0K
01:09Synaptic Signaling
5.8K
Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
5.8K
01:28Neuronal Communication
1.4K
Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
1.4K
01:26Chemical Synapses
9.2K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
9.2K