DPP4和FcRn作为Caco-2细胞中古典人类天体病毒的受体和共受体的功能性表征
Catalina Aguilera-Flores1, María Del Pilar Valencia-Morales1, Tomás López1
1Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
PLoS pathogens
|July 18, 2025
概括
双基酶IV (DPP4) 作为人类天体病毒 (HAstV) 的主要受体,而新生儿Fc受体 (FcRn) 作为核心受体. 这些相互作用对于病毒进入和基因组释放至关重要,为抗病毒开发提供了点.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 经典的人类天体病毒 (HAstV) 在全球范围内引起显著的胃肠炎,特别是在脆弱人群中.
- 介导HAstV进入和感染的特定细胞受体和核心受体在很大程度上仍未确定.
- 以前的研究表明,二基酶IV (DPP4) 和新生儿Fc受体 (FcRn) 是潜在的因素,但它们的确切作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 阐明DPP4和FcRn在古典人类天体病毒感染机制中的不同作用.
- 为了确定特定的病毒成分和宿主因子,涉及HAstV细胞进入和复制.
- 基于已识别的宿主-病原体相互作用,探索HAstV感染的潜在治疗点.
主要方法:
- 使用CRISPR/Cas9技术生成FcRn-knockout (KO),DPP4-KO和双KOCaco-2细胞系.
- 传染性病毒检测,共聚焦光显微镜和基因组脱涂动力学分析.
- 具有改变FcRn结合的HAstV变异的表征,包括对尖端蛋白的氨基酸分析和用单克隆抗体 (Nt-MAbs) 的中和化试验.
主要成果:
- 证实DPP4是经典HAstV进入的基本受体.
- FcRn作为核心受体起作用,显著促进病毒内部化和RNA基因组释放,在FcRn-KO细胞中观察到延迟脱涂.
- 特定的氨基酸 (D471和N512) 在HAstV尖端蛋白上被确定为FcRn相互作用的关键,位于DPP4结合部位附近.
结论:
- 在经典的HAstV感染中,DPP4和FcRn扮演着不同的,但合作的角色,在病毒尖峰上定义了细胞进入的功能域.
- 确定了FcRn和DPP4的相互作用部位和作用,为开发针对HAstV的新型抗病毒策略和疫苗提供了有希望的目标.
- 受体使用在 HAstV 菌株之间有所不同,例如 HAstV-VA1,它独立于 DPP4 和 FcRn.感染细胞.
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