重新思考基于工作场所的评估:真实性的昂贵幻觉
Chris B T Rietmeijer1, Christopher J Watling2, Pim W Teunissen3
1C.B.T. Rietmeijer is researcher of medical education and retired curriculum director, Department of General Practice, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
概括
基于工作场所的评估 (WBA) 在卫生专业教育中往往无法达到形成性和总结性目标. 观察真实的实习生行为是一种幻觉,阻碍对话和学习.
科学领域:
- 医疗教育 医学教育
- 健康 职业 教育 教育 专业
- 医疗保健中的评估
背景情况:
- 医疗专业教育中的当前基于工作场所的评估 (WBA) 实践不足于其形成和总结的潜力.
- 一个关键的挑战是追求观察和评估学员的"真实行为".
- 对于有效的WBA,现有的指导方针建议静默,远距离观察,改变了自然的实习生-患者动态.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估当前基于工作场所的评估 (WBA) 实践的有效性和潜在假设.
- 质疑WBA在卫生专业教育中的中心作用,特别是关于其形成性和总结性主张.
- 通过对话和双向观察提出一个优先考虑教学的替代模型.
主要方法:
- 基于工作场所评估的现有文献和实践的学术观点分析.
- 对评估中的"真实行为"范式的批评.
- 讨论监事存在对学员行为和学习环境的影响.
主要成果:
- 在现实临床环境中直接观察"真实的行为"在很大程度上是一种幻觉,因为监督员的存在会改变学员的行为.
- 遥远的,无声的观察的实践,旨在获得有效性,矛盾地破坏了通过对话形成学习的潜力.
- 目前强调在监督者存在的情况下进行评估,以牺牲有价值的教学和学习机会为代价.
结论:
- 应该重新考虑评估在实习生-患者-监督员互动中的突出作用.
- 基于工作场所的评估 (WBA) 可能不适合健康专业教育的形成目标.
- 存在监督员的情况应重新用于教学和学习,随后确定评估需求.
相关概念视频
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.3K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.3K
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
51.5K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
51.5K
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
40.4K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
40.4K
02:30Naturalistic Observations
15.9K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.9K
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.5K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.5K
01:12Hindsight Biases
3.9K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
3.9K