价值肯定或情感支持:社会奖励对心理压力的缓冲效应
Shuai Wang1, Xiaolin Zhao2, Weiyu Hu3
1Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; College of Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
|July 18, 2025
概括
价值肯定有效缓冲性能压力并增强认知功能. 情感支持更好地缓解人际压力,但只有价值肯定才能改善两种压力类型的认知能力.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 众所周知,社会奖励可以减轻压力反应.
- 对于社会奖励类型对各种心理压力因素的差异影响的理解有限.
- 心理压力往往会影响认知表现,需要对社会奖励的认知增强潜力进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较价值肯定对表现和人际关系压力因素的情感支持的压力缓冲效应.
- 为了检查这些社会奖励在压力下的认知增强效应.
- 研究社会奖励对生理和心理压力标志物的差异性影响.
主要方法:
- 两项随机控制实验涉及中国大学生.
- 实验1使用了特里尔社会压力测试来测量绩效压力.
- 实验2使用耶鲁大学的人际压力测试仪来测量人际压力.
- 通过皮质醇,心率和主观报告评估压力反应.
- 通过心理算术和工作记忆任务评估认知能力.
主要成果:
- 价值肯定,而不是情感支持,缓冲了绩效压力 (皮质醇降低,心率,主观压力).
- 这两种社会奖励都缓解了人际关系压力,情感支持显示出更强烈的效果 (皮质醇降低,心率降低).
- 价值肯定提高了心理算术准确度和工作记忆能力,而情感支持没有产生认知效益.
结论:
- 价值肯定在缓冲绩效压力和增强认知功能方面更有效.
- 情感上的支持对缓冲人际关系压力更有效.
- 价值肯定通过在表现和人际压力条件下改善认知表现来证明更广泛的好处.
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