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相关概念视频

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma

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解码子克隆抗瘤免疫的解码

Jason E Chan1, Tuomas Tammela2

  • 1Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Cancer cell
|July 18, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

瘤进化以逃避免疫检测. 这项研究使用患者的瘤和免疫细胞共同培养来描述瘤亚克隆免疫逃脱,揭示了癌症内在机制.

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Last Updated: Sep 14, 2025

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科学领域:

  • 在瘤学瘤学.
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 癌症生物学 癌症生物学

背景情况:

  • 瘤生成涉及亚克隆进化,在瘤中出现不同的癌细胞群体.
  • 癌细胞可以发展出逃避宿主免疫系统的机制,从而导致疾病的进展和治疗耐药性.

研究的目的:

  • 在单个亚克隆水平上对免疫逃生机制进行功能分析.
  • 为了研究免疫逃避的癌症内在机制.
  • 建立一个共同培养平台,用于询问瘤与免疫细胞相互作用.

主要方法:

  • 利用TRACERx队列用于患者衍生瘤样本.
  • 开发了与自身瘤和免疫细胞的共同培养系统.
  • 应用单克隆分辨技术来评估免疫相互作用.

主要成果:

  • 在瘤亚克隆中确定了不同的免疫逃脱表型.
  • 证明了特定瘤亚克隆能够抵抗免疫监测的能力.
  • 验证了用于剖析瘤与免疫相互作用的共同培养平台.

结论:

  • 亚克隆进化直接导致癌症中的免疫逃避.
  • 癌症内在的机制驱动瘤的免疫逃生.
  • 共同培养平台为研究瘤免疫相互作用和开发向治疗提供了强大的工具.