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怀孕前用无活化疫苗接种疫苗可以保护暴露于SARS-CoV-2的新生儿免受呼吸困扰

Yiwei Zhang¹, Jianbin Guo², Yaqian Li³

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

|July 18, 2025

概括

在怀孕前对母亲进行COVID-19疫苗接种,可显著降低新生儿在宫内接触SARS-CoV-2后的呼吸困扰. 然而,接种疫苗并不能预防婴儿呼吸道感染或产后COVID-19.

科学领域:

产科和妇科产科和妇科
新生儿医学新生儿医学
免疫学免疫学免疫学

背景情况:

产前接触2019年新冠病毒病 (COVID-19) 可能导致新生儿呼吸道炎症.
怀孕前对婴儿呼吸系统健康的母体无活化COVID-19疫苗接种的影响尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

评估孕妇在受孕前接受非活化COVID-19疫苗接种对新生儿在宫内接触SARS-CoV-2后呼吸系统结果的影响.
根据母亲的疫苗接种状态,评估新生儿呼吸困难,呼吸道感染和生长参数的差异.

主要方法:

对329名新生儿进行前性队列研究,这些新生儿在子宫内暴露于母亲的SARS-CoV-2感染.
在怀孕之前记录了母亲的疫苗接种情况.
主要结局:新生儿呼吸困难 (RD);次要结局:婴儿呼吸道感染 (RTIs) 和生长.

主要成果:

总体RD发生率为6.1%.
没有接种疫苗的母亲的新生儿与接种疫苗的母亲的新生儿相比,患RD的风险更高 (14%;OR = 3.48).
在生命的第一年,在SARS-CoV-2感染率 (HR = 1.89) 或RTIs发病率 (HR = 1.18) 中没有发现显著差异.

结论:

在怀孕之前对母亲进行COVID-19疫苗接种,可以在子宫内接触SARS-CoV-2后保护新生儿呼吸困扰.
接种疫苗并不能预防产后的SARS-CoV-2感染.
孕产妇接种疫苗不会对婴儿期其他呼吸道感染产生交叉保护.

关键词:

在 COVID-19 疫情中,呼吸道疾病,呼吸道疾病.疫苗接种疫苗接种

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