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相关概念视频

One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation01:24

One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation

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This lesson introduces two critical methods in pharmacokinetics, the Wagner-Nelson and Loo-Riegelman methods, used for estimating the absorption rate constant (ka) for drugs administered via non-intravenous routes. The Wagner-Nelson method relates ka to the plasma concentration derived from the slope of a semilog percent unabsorbed time plot. However, it is limited to drugs with one-compartment kinetics and can be impacted by factors like gastrointestinal motility or enzymatic degradation.
On...
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Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Calibration Curves: Linear Least Squares01:20

Calibration Curves: Linear Least Squares

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A calibration curve is a plot of the instrument's response against a series of known concentrations of a substance. This curve is used to set the instrument response levels, using the substance and its concentrations as standards. Alternatively, or additionally, an equation is fitted to the calibration curve plot and subsequently used to calculate the unknown concentrations of other samples reliably.
For data that follow a straight line, the standard method for fitting is the linear...
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Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

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Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models01:06

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models

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Pharmacokinetic models are mathematical constructs that represent and predict the time course of drug concentrations in the body, providing meaningful pharmacokinetic parameters. These models are categorized into compartment, physiological, and distributed parameter models.
The distributed parameter models are specifically designed to account for variations and differences in some drug classes. This model is particularly useful for assessing regional concentrations of anticancer or...
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Near Infrared Optical Projection Tomography for Assessments of &#946;-cell Mass Distribution in Diabetes Research
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有效的参数识别使用非光滑和非凸正规化用于扩散光学断层扫描的逆问题.

Jinping Tang1, Bo Bi2

  • 1School of Computer and Big data (School of Cyber and Security), Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150008, China.

Scientific reports
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概括

这项研究引入了用于扩散光学断层扫描的快速渐进的非凸替代定向乘法方法 (GNC-ADMM). 这种新方法有效地重建光学系数,以更少的测量和代来保存异常细节.

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科学领域:

  • 医疗成像医学成像
  • 计算数学 计算数学 计算数学
  • 应用物理 应用物理

背景情况:

  • 扩散光学断层扫描 (DOT) 旨在重建生物组织的光学特性.
  • 对DOT而言,准确地重建零碎常数光学系数对于DOT至关重要.
  • 现有的方法面临着由于非凸和非光滑的函数近似而导致的计算挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种高效的数值方法来解决DOT中的非凸和非光滑最小化问题.
  • 为了改进碎片式恒定光学系数的重建.
  • 为了克服与DOT中的非凸优化相关的计算挑战.

主要方法:

  • 考虑一个非凸和非光滑的弱福德-沙功能的近似.
  • 理论分析最小化器存在的零碎常数有限元素空间.
  • 提议和应用一个快速渐进的非凸的替代定向乘法方法 (GNC-ADMM).

主要成果:

  • 拟议的GNC-ADMM方法证明了异常边缘和值的有效重建.
  • 与现有方法相比,GNC-ADMM方法需要更少的代步骤.
  • 当使用GNC-ADMM方法进行重建时,所需的测量较少.

结论:

  • GNC-ADMM是DOT的计算效率高和有效的方法.
  • 这种方法提高了在DOT中重建光学系数的准确性.
  • 该方法在减少DOT应用中的测量要求方面具有前景.