绘制结核病相关耻辱的风险和保护因素:一个范围审查
Mariana Vieira1, Pedro Barbosa2, João Pedro Ramos1
1EPIUnit ITR, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|July 19, 2025
概括
社会和经济因素显著加剧了结核病的耻辱,阻碍了预防和治疗工作. 解决这些决定因素对于改善患者的治疗结果和减少社会孤立至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 医学社会学 医学社会学
背景情况:
- 由于社会和结构因素,结核病 (TB) 控制面临着持续的挑战.
- 与结核病相关的耻辱是有效预防和治疗的主要障碍.
- 现有的框架往往忽视了对耻辱的更广泛的结构和交叉影响.
研究的目的:
- 确定结核病相关污名的风险和保护因素.
- 检查文化,社会和经济决定因素如何塑造结核病患者的耻辱经历.
主要方法:
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,SCOPUS,Web of Science,APA PsycInfo,社会学源终极) 进行系统的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准:人类参与者,在过去十年中发表,报告受社会,经济或环境决定因素影响的耻辱.
- 分析了43项包含的研究.
主要成果:
- 较高的结核病相关的耻辱与较低的教育,农村居住,低收入,性别和心理健康状况相关.
- 文化观念,医疗保健互动和艾滋病毒联合感染的耻辱加剧了结核病的耻辱.
- 社会支持,患者与提供者之间的沟通以及以前的结核病经验是保护因素.
结论:
- 与结核病相关的耻辱与社会和结构决定因素密切相关.
- 在结核病污名的标准化定义和测量方面存在研究差距.
- 解决污名化问题对于改善结核病寻求护理行为和健康结果至关重要,特别是在资源较低的环境中.
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