乙胺通过肠-大脑轴调解认知功能障碍:突触损伤和免疫调解的血脑屏障功能障碍
Bing Wu1, Xue-Yan Tian1, Wen-Si Ni1
1College of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|July 20, 2025
概括
乙胺普里德农药暴露会通过破坏大脑结构和改变肠道细菌来损害认知功能. 恢复肠道健康可以扭转这些负面影响,为农药诱导的神经问题提供新的见解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 广泛使用的是像乙胺类药物这样的尼丁类农药.
- 对乙胺的暴露可能会增加神经系统疾病的风险,并影响认知功能.
- 需要澄清乙胺对认知和潜在机制的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠模型中评估乙胺对认知功能障碍的影响.
- 调查乙胺诱导认知障碍的潜在机制,专注于肠-大脑轴.
主要方法:
- 使用了一种小鼠模型,通过饮用水给药乙胺.
- 评估认知功能,特别是空间学习和记忆.
- 评估了海马和突触结构的变化,肠道菌群的组成和多样性以及全身免疫反应.
- 进行了便微生物种移植,以评估其修复作用.
主要成果:
- 乙胺暴露损害了海马和突触结构,导致小鼠的空间学习和记忆受损.
- 乙胺改变了肠道菌群的组成和多样性,诱导了沿肠-大脑轴的全身免疫反应.
- 便微生物群移植恢复了肠道微生物群的平衡,减少了突触损伤,改善了空间学习和记忆.
- 恢复肠道屏障功能可以防止有害物质进入,减少血脑屏障损伤和肠脑免疫反应.
结论:
- 乙胺暴露会通过对肠-大脑轴的损伤引起认知功能障碍,包括肠道微生物群,神经递质和免疫因素.
- 便微生物群移植可以通过恢复肠道平衡和保护肠-大脑轴来缓解阿塞塔米普里德诱导的认知缺陷.
- 这项研究突出了新的机制,通过肠-大脑轴的破坏,将乙胺暴露与认知障碍联系起来.
更多相关视频
10:50Visualizing Impairment of the Endothelial and Glial Barriers of the Neurovascular Unit during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo
Published on: March 26, 2019
7.8K
10:36In Vitro Assays to Assess Blood-brain Barrier Mesh-like Vessel Formation and Disruption
Published on: June 20, 2017
8.6K
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
209
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
209
01:23Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory
996
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
996
01:23Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists
405
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
405
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
262
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
262
01:30Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions
841
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, also known as anticholinesterases, exert their pharmacological effects by enhancing cholinergic transmission in various body parts, including the neuromuscular junction, autonomic cholinergic synapses, and the brain.
At the neuromuscular junction, these agents work by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, allowing it to remain bound to the receptor and bind to nearby receptors. This process leads to repetitive firing of the endplate, causing muscle...
At the neuromuscular junction, these agents work by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, allowing it to remain bound to the receptor and bind to nearby receptors. This process leads to repetitive firing of the endplate, causing muscle...
841
01:29Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis
1.6K
Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase,...
1.6K