非伤寒型沙门氏菌组合疫苗:临床开发计划和监管考虑
Jean-Louis Excler1, Tarun Saluja1, Annelies Wilder-Smith2
1International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Vaccine
|July 20, 2025
概括
在撒哈拉以南的非洲,侵袭性非伤寒型沙门氏菌 (iNTS) 导致显著的婴儿死亡率. 开发有效的疫苗至关重要,临床试验和监管途径正在推进.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 侵袭性非伤寒型沙门氏菌 (iNTS) 感染,主要是S. Typhimurium和S. Enteritidis,每年导致超过50万例病例和79000例死亡,主要是低收入和中等收入国家的婴儿.
- 撒哈拉以南非洲地区的高风险因素包括疟疾,营养不良,艾滋病毒和贫血,导致病例死亡率为14.5%,特别是在三岁以下的儿童中.
- 增加iNTS中的抗菌素耐药性迫切需要开发有效的疫苗.
研究的目的:
- 概述侵袭性非伤寒型沙门氏菌 (iNTS) 疫苗的临床开发计划和监管途径.
- 为了强调因药物耐药性和疾病负担的增加而迫切需要有效的INTS疫苗.
- 为 iNTS 疫苗的监管决策和临床开发策略提供指导.
主要方法:
- 通过专家咨询,制定首选产品特性和研发路线图.
- 对iNTS疫苗的早期临床开发数据的审查,包括单价和组合平台.
- 临床试验规划与监管预期和疾病负担数据的协调.
主要成果:
- 几种INTS候选疫苗,其中一些与伤寒结合疫苗相结合,正处于临床开发的早期阶段.
- 有希望的安全性和免疫原性数据支持向疗效试验的进展.
- 为了优化疫苗接种策略,需要对六个月以下婴儿的疾病负担提供关键数据.
结论:
- 对于监管参与,明确沟通 iNTS疾病负担和疫苗开发的复杂性至关重要.
- 早期的监管指导对于明智的决策和INTS疫苗的成功许可至关重要.
- 与公共卫生利益相关者和最终用户的持续合作将提高对 iNTS 疫苗接种的认识和接受.
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