在返回的高风险推迟捐赠者中,输血传染病的风险:一项队列研究
Amir Teimourpour1, Sedigheh Amini-Kafiabad1, Amir Masoud Nazemi2
1Biological Products and Blood Safety Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
推迟献血的献血者有流血,纹身或高风险性接触的历史,显示了输血传染性感染 (TTIs) 的增加. 捐献者选择标准有效地识别高风险个体,确保血液安全.
科学领域:
- 输血医学 输血医学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 供血者选择对于安全的血液供应至关重要,平衡供血者参与与输血安全.
- 评估延期标准的有效性对于优化供体选择流程至关重要.
- 这项研究评估了高风险的推迟献血者输血传染性感染 (TTI) 的风险.
研究的目的:
- 通过评估TTI风险来评估献血者延期标准的有效性.
- 确定与TTI患病率增加相关的特定高风险行为.
- 为改善献血者选择和咨询方案提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在12个月的时间内,分析了601,177名 (符合条件和推迟) 献血者的数据.
- 随访4年的捐赠者,提取感染性确认测试结果 (HBV,HCV,HIV).
- 风险比率 (RR) 的计算,以比较符合条件和推迟的捐赠者群体之间的TTI风险.
主要成果:
- 与符合条件的捐赠者相比,推迟捐赠者表现出明显更高的TTI风险 (RR: 3.58).
- 与TTI风险增加相关的具体推迟原因包括流血 (RR: 4.85),纹身 (RR: 3.53) 和高风险性接触 (RR: 2.19).
- 由于内镜或针刺伤害而延期的TTI风险没有增加.
结论:
- 流血,纹身和高风险性接触是献血者HBV和HCV感染的重要危险因素.
- 目前的供体选择程序有效地识别了某些TTI风险较高的个体.
- 对内镜和针刺伤害的推迟标准进行重新评估是有必要的,此外还需要持续监测选择有效性和供体咨询.
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