拉丁美洲医院抗生素使用和抗生素管理计划的多中心评估
Valeria Fabre1, Sara E Cosgrove1, Yea-Jen Hsu2
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|July 21, 2025
概括
拉丁美洲的抗菌药物管理计划 (ASP) 显示出多样化的实施. 较高的ASP分数与更好的抗生素使用指南和减少的万科米辛使用相关,突出了需要改进资源的需要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健管理健康管理
背景情况:
- 关于在拉丁美洲的医疗保健机构 (HCF) 内实施抗菌药物管理计划 (ASP) 状态的数据有限.
- 抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 构成了全球健康的重大威胁,需要强有力的管理努力.
研究的目的:
- 评估ASP在拉丁美洲HCF中的实施程度.
- 评估ASP实施水平与抗生素使用 (AU) 模式之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及2022年3月至2023年2月期间拉丁美洲39个医疗保健机构的横截面研究.
- 利用结构化的自我评估调查,涵盖领导力,资源,管理行动,教育和UA监测.
- 收集了每月抗生素消费数据,点患病率调查和多药耐药感染数据.
主要成果:
- 对于ASP实施的中位数自我评估得分是252.5的可能的335.
- 较高的ASP分数 (上四分位数) 与符合指导方针的AU (OR,8.63) 和指导治疗使用 (OR,2.11) 的增加有显著关联.
- 较强的ASP实施与减少抗甲基耐药*金黄色葡萄球菌*代理物的消费相关 (OR, -8.59).
结论:
- 在拉丁美洲的HCF中实施先进的抗微生物管理计划与更好地遵守抗生素使用指南有关.
- 增强的ASP与在重症监护病房减少使用万科米辛有关.
- 调查结果强调,迫切需要增加资源,以加强该地区的ASP.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:28Antimicrobial Effectiveness
166
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
166
01:30Development of Antibiotic Resistance
216
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
216
00:57Antibiotic Selection
55.3K
Overview
55.3K
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
41
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
41
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.8K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.8K
01:26Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test
122
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
122