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通过使用口头解剖的死亡监测来确定死亡原因在巴基斯坦卡拉奇
Raheel Allana1, Inci Yildirim2, Shabina Ariff1
1Aga Khan University, Department of Paediatrics, Karachi, Pakistan.
Journal of global health
|July 21, 2025
概括
巴基斯坦社区口头尸检发现了主要的死亡原因,包括心脏病发作和中风等非传染性疾病,以及腹和肺炎等传染性疾病. 这些数据有助于针对不同人群制定有针对性的健康策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 巴基斯坦的文化和宗教信仰限制了尸检的普遍性.
- 相当数量的死亡发生在医院以外的环境中,这使得死亡原因的确定变得复杂.
- 基于社区的口头尸检为确定死亡原因 (CoD) 提供了可行的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 在巴基斯坦卡拉奇实施和评估基于社区的口头尸检方法.
- 确定城市周边人口中主要的死亡原因.
- 为有针对性的公共卫生干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用世卫组织2016年口头尸检问卷对1500例死亡进行口头尸检.
- 训练有素的面试人员在两个郊区社区收集文化敏感数据.
- 使用ICD-10分析数据进行详细的死亡原因分析.
主要成果:
- 非传染性疾病 (急性心脏病,肝硬化,中风) 和传染性疾病 (腹疾病,肺炎,败血症) 被确定为主要的死亡原因.
- 在成年人中,急性心脏病和肝硬化是最常见的;在5岁以下的儿童中,新生儿败血症和周围窒息是最常见的.
- 很大一部分死亡发生在家中 (48.7%),特别是在儿童和成年人中.
结论:
- 研究结果强调需要针对性的医疗保健策略,以解决各种死亡原因和寻求健康的行为.
- 改善获得医疗保健的机会至关重要,特别是在家庭死亡和弱势群体中.
- 量身定制的干预措施对于在资源有限的环境中管理传染性和非传染性疾病至关重要.
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