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研究代码交换机类型对认知控制的影响
Souad Kheder1, Rodrigo Mello Medina2, Jorge Valdés Kroff1
1Department of Linguistics, University of Florida.
概括
在句子中切换代码并不能增强认知控制. 相反,处理代码交换机可能会转移注意力,导致后续任务产生更大的冲突效应.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 双语研究 双语研究
背景情况:
- 代码切换,即在单个句子中使用多种语言,理论上可以启动诸如抑制和冲突监控之类的认知控制机制.
- 结构上不同的代码切换类型对认知控制的具体影响仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同类型的代码切换 (密集与插入) 是否差异性地参与认知控制.
- 通过冲突适应范式,检查代码切换对认知控制的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (早期的西班牙语-英语双语者) 处理单语言的西班牙语句子和用密集或插入英语代码开关的句子.
- 在句子处理后,参与者完成了一项Flanker任务,通过冲突适应来测量认知控制.
- 实验涉及听觉和视觉呈现方式.
主要成果:
- 与假设相反,在代码交换的句子后没有观察到Flanker冲突效应的显著减少.
- 在四分之三的实验中,与单语句相比,在代码交换的句子中,Flanker冲突效应更大.
- 在插入和密集代码切换之间没有发现差异,也没有在听觉和视觉模式之间发现差异.
结论:
- 处理代码交换的句子似乎没有增强认知控制.
- 这些发现表明,代码切换,特别是在非交互式环境中,可能会消耗认知资源,可能会损害后续任务的性能.
- 意想不到的代码切换可能会将注意力从与任务相关的刺激中转移,从而导致冲突效应的增加.
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