预测死亡率的基于学习的联合模型:系统审查和元分析
Nurfaidah Tahir1,2, Chau-Ren Jung1,3, Shin-Da Lee4
1Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Section 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan, 886 422053366 ext 6117.
Journal of medical Internet research
|July 21, 2025
概括
联合学习 (FL) 模型表现出与集中式机器学习 (CML) 模型用于临床死亡率预测的可比性能,同时增强数据隐私. 由于研究的局限性,需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 临床信息学是一种临床信息学.
- 机器学习在医疗保健中的应用
- 保护隐私的技术 保护隐私的技术
背景情况:
- 联合学习 (FL) 提供了一种保护隐私的方法,用于在分散的环境中开发协作模型.
- 在临床应用中,比较FL性能与集中式机器学习 (CML) 的现有证据有限,特别是在死亡率预测方面.
- 解决数据隐私问题在临床机器学习中至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和比较基于FL的模型与CML模型在临床环境中预测死亡率的性能.
- 通过元分析综合关于FL在临床死亡率预测中的有效性的证据.
主要方法:
- 实验研究的系统审查和元分析,比较FL和CML用于死亡率预测.
- 在IEEE Xplore,PubMed,ScienceDirect和Web of Science进行的搜索截至2024年6月.
- 使用CHARMS和PROBAST评估偏差风险;计算曲线下的聚合面积 (AUC).
主要成果:
- 包括九篇文章,涵盖了各种临床环境,涉及1,412,973名参与者.
- FL模型的预测性能与CML模型相似,FL的AUC为0.81,CML的AUC为0.82.
- 在研究中观察到高异质性 (I2≥50%),44%的模型具有高偏差风险.
结论:
- 联合学习实现了与集中式机器学习可比的性能,用于临床死亡率预测,同时解决隐私风险.
- 这些发现表明,在数据隐私至关重要的临床环境中,FL是一种可行的替代方案.
- 影响估计的准确性可能受到研究数量少和偏差风险高的模型比例的限制.
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