在诊断口腔病变时ChatGpt的准确性
Pedram Hajibagheri1, Sahba Khosousi Sani2, Mohammad Samami3
1Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
BMC oral health
|July 21, 2025
概括
聊天GPT-4在回答有关口腔病变的临床问题方面表现出高准确性,总体达到87.4%的比率. 虽然有用,但它应该补充,而不是取代临床医生的口腔病变诊断判断.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 口腔医学是指口腔医学.
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型 (LLM) 在各种领域越来越多地使用.
- 在专业医疗领域评估先进AI模型的诊断能力至关重要.
- 口腔病变需要准确的诊断才能有效管理.
研究的目的:
- 评估ChatGPT-4在回答与口腔病变相关的临床问题的准确性和诊断性能.
- 为了确定模型在不同问题难度级别的有效性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一套精心策划的111个口腔疾病多选题.
- 问题由口腔医学专家进行准确审查.
- 难度级别 (容易,中等,困难) 被分配并验证.
- 在清除聊天历史记录以确保公正的响应后,ChatGPT-4在每个问题上进行了查询.
主要成果:
- 在基于临床场景的问题上,ChatGPT-4的整体准确率为87.4%.
- 根据难度的不同,准确度有所不同:易题97%;中题86.5%;难题78.4%.
- 该模型在更简单的问题上表现高,在更复杂的问题上表现下降.
结论:
- 在回答有关口腔病变的临床问题时,ChatGPT-4表现出令人满意的准确性.
- 人工智能模型应该作为一个补充工具,而不是唯一的诊断资源.
- 在使用人工智能用于口腔病变诊断时,临床监督至关重要.
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