低收入和中等收入国家卫生干预的退出策略:系统审查
Maria Milenova1, S'thembile Thusini2, Petra C Gronholm3,4
1Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Centre for Global Mental Health, King's College London, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK. maria.milenova@kcl.ac.uk.
BMC global and public health
|July 21, 2025
概括
有效的退出策略对于维持低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的全球卫生干预至关重要. 本次审查确定了在外部资金结束后成功实现计划可持续性的八个关键组成部分.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 加强卫生系统 加强卫生系统
- 国际发展国际发展
背景情况:
- 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 维持外部资助的卫生干预措施是一个持续的全球卫生挑战.
- 时间有限的资金,如官方发展援助 (ODA) 和慈善事业,需要强大的退出策略来产生持久的影响.
- 本系统性审查涉及在LMICs内的全球卫生倡议中的退出策略的概念化和实施.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析LMIC中卫生干预退出策略的组成部分和有效性.
- 在外部资金结束后,确定有助于健康计划成功过渡的关键要素.
- 为未来的全球卫生计划设计,研究和政策提供信息,特别考虑心理健康倡议.
主要方法:
- 在多个主要的科学和健康数据库 (例如,Embase,Scopus,PubMed,PsycINFO) 进行了全面的数据库搜索,直到2023年1月.
- 描述性综合用于研究特征,而主题综合分析了关于退出战略流程和组件的提取数据.
- 该审查从相关研究中系统地识别和分类退出策略的组成部分.
主要成果:
- 综述中包括了23篇文章,代表了22项研究.
- 他们确定了成功退出战略的八个关键组成部分:共同的原则,资源稳定性,运营联系,当地冠军,员工能力,领导力提升,指导/评估以及情境敏感的灵活性.
- 这些发现强调了退出策略在各种健康环境中的复杂性和相互依赖性,为持续影响提供了有效实施的见解.
结论:
- 从LMICs的健康计划开始,必须计划有效的退出策略,以确保可持续性.
- 适应环境的退出策略对于在外部支持被撤销后维持健康收益至关重要.
- 该审查强调需要进行合作的长期影响研究,并为全球健康的政策和实践提供了可行的建议.
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