在持续活跃的SARS-CoV-2感染中,呼吸道微生物组的变化,共感染和病毒宿主内进化
Lučka Boltežar1,2, Rok Kogoj3, Katarina Resman Rus3
1Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
BMC infectious diseases
|July 22, 2025
概括
在免疫功能低下的患者中,持续的SARS-CoV-2感染在抗病毒治疗后显示出显著的肠道进化和增加的病毒变异. 免疫反应,包括抗体产生,延迟,影响病毒清除,突出治疗挑战.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
背景情况:
- 持续的SARS-CoV-2感染在理解病毒演变,共感染和免疫反应方面存在挑战.
- 纵向样本的有限可用性阻碍了对微生物群稳态和病毒动态的全面研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究SARS-CoV-2的宿主内进化.
- 在持续感染期间分析呼吸道微生物组的变化.
- 评估抗病毒治疗对病毒变异和免疫反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 从患有扩散性大B细胞淋巴瘤和持久性SARS-CoV-2的患者收集了纵向呼吸道和血清样本.
- 进行病毒活力测试,亚基因组RNA测量和宿主内进化评估.
- 分析了微生物组合,共感染和抗体水平 (IgA/IgG,中和).
主要成果:
- 尽管多次治疗,SARS-CoV-2系 XBB.1.16.11 持续了116天,抗体反应延迟.
- 观察到轻微病毒变异的显著增加 (从6到61),特别是在抗病毒治疗后.
- 呼吸道微生物群显示出不同的特征,其中包括Staphylococcus spp. 这可能与COVID-19相关.
结论:
- 抗病毒治疗可能会导致SARS-CoV-2变种在免疫功能低下且免疫反应延迟的患者中出现.
- 在长期的SARS-CoV-2感染期间,宿主内部的病毒进化和微生物组变化是复杂的.
- 了解这些动态对于管理弱势群体的持续感染至关重要.
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