最脆弱的饮食和健康状况:通过三主题集群识别有风险的国家
Ahmet Murat Günal1, Salim Yılmaz2, Sedat Arslan3
1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Haliç University, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Frontiers in public health
|July 22, 2025
概括
全球卫生差异仍然存在,45个脆弱国家面临营养不良和缺乏医疗保健. 有针对性的干预措施对于改善这些高风险地区的营养和医疗保健至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 在饮食,医疗保健和预期寿命方面持续存在的全球差异不成比例地影响弱势群体.
- 营养不良,医疗保健基础设施不足和与饮食有关的慢性疾病加剧了这些不平等,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
研究的目的:
- 根据饮食,健康和预期寿命确定最脆弱的国家,使用三主题集群方法.
- 根据营养和饮食,健康和疾病负担以及医疗保健的准入来分类国家,以确定风险最高的国家.
主要方法:
- 来自168个国家的2019年数据的横截面分析.
- K-means集群算法用于将国家分为三个风险集群.
- 雅卡德相似性,强大的回归和克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯H测试用于统计验证.
主要成果:
- 被确定为最脆弱的集群3,包括45个国家,主要位于非洲和亚洲.
- 这些国家动物蛋白摄入量低,饮食相关疾病率高,医疗保健获得有限,预期寿命低至63.39岁.
- 显著的全球健康不平等凸显出来,需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施.
结论:
- 在高风险地区迫切需要加强营养政策和医疗保健投资.
- 解决营养不良和改善医疗保健服务对于减少全球健康差距至关重要.
- 有针对性的公共卫生倡议对于改善弱势群体的结果至关重要.
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