在癌症诊断和死亡率之前,急诊室使用
Keerat Grewal1,2,3,4, Andrew Calzavara3, Shelley L McLeod1,5
1Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA network open
|July 22, 2025
概括
在癌症诊断之前使用急诊室 (ED) 的患者面临更高的死亡风险. 这强调了改善早期检测和及时癌症护理途径的必要性.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 紧急诊所 (ED) 是癌症诊断的研究不足的途径,在加拿大安大略省,超过三分之一的患者在诊断前使用ED服务.
- 了解ED使用对癌症患者结果的影响对于改善护理提供至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查癌症诊断前90天内急诊室 (ED) 访问与随后所有原因死亡率之间的关联.
- 分析这种关联如何根据ED访问后的住院状态而有所不同.
主要方法:
- 一个回顾性,基于人口的队列研究,利用来自加拿大安大略省的行政卫生数据.
- 对2014-2021年间被诊断患有癌症的成年人的1:1分析进行了匹配,比较了以前使用ED和没有使用ED的成年人,使用倾向性得分匹配.
- 对死亡率的随访发生在诊断后长达7年的时间内,使用Cox比例危险回归与时间相互作用术语进行分析.
主要成果:
- 以前使用ED的患者与没有使用ED的患者相比,死亡风险明显更高,危险比率随着时间的推移而下降,但持续7年.
- 增加的死亡风险更明显的患者从ED入院到医院 (7年HR: 1.30) 与出院 (7年HR: 1.03) 的患者相比.
- 总体死亡率为49.7%,在之前使用ED的组中死亡率为61.7%,而在没有使用ED的组中为37.8%.
结论:
- 在癌症诊断之前使用急诊室与长期死亡风险增加有关.
- 调查结果强调了需要综合护理系统,以促进迅速的癌症诊断和管理患者呈现给ED.
- 改善早期癌症检测和非紧急护理途径至关重要,以减少对EDs的依赖,以初步诊断和护理癌症.
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