实施生命周期评估 (LCA) 以评估有机农业除草控制和肥料对环境的影响
Itai Shulner1, Ran Nisim Lati2, Hanan Eizenberg2
1The Department of Environmental, Geoinformatics and Urban Planning Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Department of Weed Research and Plant Pathology, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel.
The Science of the total environment
|July 22, 2025
概括
有机农业对环境的影响随着杂草控制和施肥而有很大变化. 指除和手除的影响较小,而有效的杂草管理对于可持续的有机作物生产至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
背景情况:
- 有机农业的全球扩张需要对环境影响进行评估.
- 生命周期评估 (LCA) 对于确定有效的可持续实践至关重要.
- 地中海气候农业在优化资源利用方面面临挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估非化学除草方法与有机田间作物的不同施肥策略相结合的环境影响.
- 在地中海灌条件下的有机作物生产中确定关键的环境热点.
- 为优化有机作物系统中的可持续农业实践提供数据.
主要方法:
- 生命周期评估 (LCA) 使用一个摇篮到农场的门框架.
- 评估四种非化学除草方法 (排列培养器,手指除草,燃烧,手工除草).
- 对四种有机田间作物进行四种施肥处理 (三种堆肥率,一种化学肥料) 的评估.
主要成果:
- 每公斤作物的环境影响在0.5-1.6公斤二氧化碳等值,0.002-0.009公斤二氧化碳等值和9-37MJ能量之间.
- 灌,肥料和杂草/害虫管理占环境影响的95%以上.
- 用手指除的影响始终较低;用手除的影响最低,但劳动密集;种植和焚烧的影响中等至高.
结论:
- 特定作物种植的农业实践对有机农业的环境结果有很大影响.
- 有效的杂草管理是必不可少的,因为未经处理的对照显示了最高的环境负担.
- 优化除草和施肥策略是提高有机作物系统可持续性和弹性的关键.
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