月经周期阶段对运动表现和相关生理结果的影响:使用高方法标准的研究的系统审查
Jennifer Schlie1, Vivien Krassowski1, Annette Schmidt1
1Chair of Sport Biology, Institute for Sport Science, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Neubiberg, Germany.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|July 22, 2025
概括
这次审查发现,虽然月经周期阶段可能会影响运动表现,但结果有很大差异. 研究中经常缺乏激素分析,精英运动员的代表性不足,这使得结论复杂化.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
背景情况:
- 月经周期 (MC) 阶段与运动表现之间的关系是有争议的,经常受到不一致的方法论的阻碍.
- 之前的研究经常缺乏通过性激素测定 (17β-雌激素,孕,黄素激素) 精确的阶段验证.
- 不同类型的研究群体进一步复杂化了对MC阶段对性能影响的分析.
研究的目的:
- 评估检查MC阶段和运动表现的研究的方法严谨性,特别是激素测量的流行率.
- 评估精英运动员在现有研究领域的代表性.
- 分析MC阶段与运动表现结果之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 对四个数据库进行系统审查,用于比较在eumenorrheic女性至少两个MC阶段的运动表现的研究.
- 包括标准要求测量17β-雌激醇,孕激素和黄化激素.
- 分析了19项研究 (n=279),并注意到样本大小,运动员水平和阶段比较.
主要成果:
- 在审查的研究中,精英运动员的代表性不足.
- 58%的研究报告了MC阶段对表现的显著影响,但研究结果在方向和规模上不一致.
- 早期的卵泡期通常与V·o2max和峰值功率的降低有关,而在排卵期间神经肌肉协调得到改善. 实力在很大程度上没有受到影响.
结论:
- 尽管努力包括方法上健全的研究,但阶段和种群的异质性限制了最终的结论.
- 血清激素分析在精英体育研究中的普及率是不充分的.
- 在研究设计和报告中存在重大偏差风险,因此需要对解释MC对运动表现的影响采取批判性方法.
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