在5XFAD小鼠中,MR1/MAIT细胞轴通过认知和微生物社区结构影响肠-大脑轴
Season K Wyatt-Johnson1,2, Jay M Desai1, Autumn Wireman1,2
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
概括
在阿尔茨海默病模型中,MR1/MAIT细胞轴对认知和肠道微生物群多样性产生负面影响. 消除MR1/MAIT细胞改善了5XFAD小鼠的记忆和改变了肠道细菌.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
背景情况:
- 粘膜相关的不变T细胞 (MAIT) 和它们与MR1分子的相互作用与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 病原发生有关.
- 在AD模型大脑中,MAIT细胞升高,它们的缺失减少了大脑病理,突出显示了在AD中肠-大脑轴的作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查MR1/MAIT细胞轴对阿尔茨海默病认知功能的影响.
- 确定MR1/MAIT细胞轴如何影响AD模型中的肠道微生物组合和多样性.
主要方法:
- 包括新型物体识别/放置,Y迷宫和巴恩斯迷宫在内的认知评估在野生型,MR1淘汰,5XFAD和5XFAD/MR1淘汰小鼠上进行.
- 肠道微生物组分析使用便样本的16S rRNA基因扩增序列进行.
主要成果:
- 缺乏MR1和MAIT细胞 (5XFAD/MR1 KO) 的小鼠没有表现出5XFAD小鼠所见的认知缺陷.
- 在5XFAD和5XFAD/MR1 KO小鼠之间观察到便微生物群组成的显著差异.
- 与5XFAD小鼠相比,雄性5XFAD/MR1 KO小鼠的肠道微生物组α多样性增加.
结论:
- 在阿尔茨海默病的背景下,MR1/MAIT细胞轴似乎对认知功能产生不利影响.
- 调节MR1/MAIT细胞轴影响肠道微生物群的多样性,这表明肠-大脑轴内的复杂相互作用.
- 这些发现支持MR1/MAIT细胞轴在恶化AD病理和认知衰退中的作用.
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