查后结核病进展风险:瑞典寻求庇护者的三年回顾性队列研究
Joanna Nederby Öhd1,2, Tobias Lindström Battle1, Jerker Jonsson3
1Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Infectious diseases (London, England)
|July 23, 2025
概括
在瑞典,对寻求庇护者的结核病查发现了结核病再激活的关键风险因素,包括IGRA的阳性结果和年轻年龄. 在IGRA阳性个体中,每年重新激活的风险低于之前报告的风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病控制和控制传染病
背景情况:
- 低发病率国家通过对来自流行地区的移民进行查,旨在消除结核病 (TB).
- 查和结核病预防治疗 (TPT) 对处于结核病感染 (TBI) 再激活风险的个体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定瑞典寻求庇护者的结核病发病率.
- 在这个队列中识别重新激活风险标志物后查.
主要方法:
- 在瑞典 (2015-2019) 的21,739名寻求庇护者进行了回顾性队列研究,并进行了为期三年的随访.
- 基于注册表的数据链接,包括干扰素释测试 (IGRA) 查结果,TPT启动和结核病.
- 波桑和考克斯回归分析以评估发病率和风险因素.
主要成果:
- 记录了41例发生性结核病病例 (发生率:58.2/100,000人/年).
- 具有IGRA阳性的个体的发病率明显更高 (321.7/100,000人/年).
- 发生结核病的关键预测因素包括IGRA阳性,年龄在20岁以下,来自结核病流行国家.
结论:
- 寻求庇护者的结核病再激活风险标志与之前的研究一致.
- 在IGRA阳性个体中观察到的0.3%的年度重新激活风险低于预期,这表明风险分层或管理有效性的潜在变化.
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