在成年人中呼吸道同胞性病毒风险评估:疫苗推的影响超越年龄
Angela R Branche1, Ann R Falsey1, Lisa Saiman2
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|July 23, 2025
概括
预先存在的疾病和种族显著影响了呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 住院的风险和严重程度. 这些因素,而不仅仅是年龄,应该指导未来的RSV疫苗推.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 是成年人住院的重要原因之一,特别是那些患有先前疾病的人.
- 目前的RSV疫苗已被批准用于所有成年人,但建议可能无法充分考虑60岁以下人群的风险因素.
- 这项研究调查了先前存在的疾病如何影响RSV住院率和不同年龄组的严重结果.
研究的目的:
- 评估先前存在的疾病和RSV住院治疗的特定年龄发病率之间的关系.
- 评估先前存在的疾病与严重结果的关联,包括ICU入院,住院死亡率和6个月全因死亡率.
- 检查RSV住院发生率和结果的种族和民族差异.
主要方法:
- 在纽约,在2017年至2020年期间接受了聚合酶连锁反应确认的RSV住院的成年人被录取.
- 基于人口的发病率根据四个年龄组 (18-44,45-64,65-74,≥75岁) 的种族和民族计算.
- 一个通用线性模型确定了与ICU入院/住院死亡率和6个月全因死亡率相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 充血性心力衰竭 (CHF),冠状动脉疾病,慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和糖尿病显著增加了RSV住院风险.
- 喘,肥胖和免疫抑制在65岁以下的成年人中更为常见.
- 与其他种族/族群相比,黑人和西班牙裔成年人在所有年龄层都表现出更高的RSV住院发生率.
- 慢性肺炎和慢性心血管炎与严重结局的风险增加和6个月死亡率增加有关.
- 高龄 (≥65岁) 在这个队列中没有独立与严重结果相关.
结论:
- 以前存在的疾病和种族和种族等人口因素是RSV风险分层的关键考虑因素.
- 未来对RSV疫苗接种的建议应纳入这些因素以优化保护,特别是对于具有特定健康风险的年轻人.
- 解决RSV结果中的健康差异需要一种细微的方法,超越基于年龄的指南.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:31Common Respiratory Disorders
941
Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
941
01:19Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications
1.2K
Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
1.2K
01:20Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate
1.3K
Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
1.3K
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
2.5K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
2.5K
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
447
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
447
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.5K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.5K