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评估婴儿语言网络中白质早期侧面化的情况
Madeline Marcelle1,2, Venkata Sita Priyanka Illapani2, William D Gaillard1,2
1Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Human brain mapping
|July 23, 2025
概括
婴儿大脑发育显示语言通路中的白质迅速成熟,但对成年人的语言至关重要的左向不对称性在生命的前两年还没有出现.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 神经语言发育依赖于成熟的前额和部语言中心及其白质连接.
- 白质区域的左向不对称性在5岁时被观察到,并保持到成年时,支持成熟的语言功能.
- 婴儿时期这种横向性与早期语言学习的存在和关系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在典型发育的婴儿中研究白质微观结构和语言宏观结构的纵向变化 (弧形关节[AF],未关节[UF]) 和运动 (皮质脊椎管[CST]) 途径.
- 测试左半球语言在婴儿期更快地成熟的假设,这表明早期的左半球对语言的偏见.
- 检查非机动路径的并发双边成熟情况.
主要方法:
- 来自HCP Baby Connectome项目的114名典型发育婴儿 (0-24个月) 的纵向数据分析.
- 在双边AF,UF和CST中测量分数异构性 (FA),平均扩散性 (MD),辐射扩散性 (RD),轴向扩散性 (AD),概率流线和通道体积.
- 利用线性混合效应建模用于发育轨迹,并重建成年群体的轨迹以进行比较.
主要成果:
- 所有检查的管道都显示了婴儿与年龄相关的快速微观结构成熟,但与年龄相关的管道体积或流线数量没有显著增加.
- 在任何措施中都没有观察到基于性别的显著差异.
- 与成年人不同,婴儿在AF或UF成熟率方面没有显著的左向不对称性,尽管右UF有更多的流线.
结论:
- 虽然白质对语言至关重要的区域在婴儿期表现出快速的微观结构成熟,但显著的左侧化尚未明显.
- 这表明,与语言相关的强烈侧面化可能会在以后发展,可能与增加的语言技能获取或童年皮质侧面化相吻合.
- 未来的研究应该包括其他语言领域,并扩大从婴儿期到儿童期的数据收集,以追踪功能语言横向化的出现.
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