认知控制 决策动力学 跨越青少年内化和外化症状
Stacie L Warren1, Ritesh K Malaiya2, Olivia K Drake2
1Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA. stacie.warren@utdallas.edu.
Research on child and adolescent psychopathology
|July 23, 2025
概括
计算建模揭示了儿童行为问题中明显的认知控制问题. 受损的证据积累与内化和外化行为有关,而减少的非决策时间是违规和侵略的独特特征.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
背景情况:
- 儿童行为问题具有持久的影响,但其认知基础尚不清楚.
- 了解认知控制缺陷是解决儿童精神病理问题的关键.
- 以前的研究通常依赖于简单的反应时间测量.
研究的目的:
- 用计算建模研究儿童行为问题中的认知控制机制.
- 为了比较反应时间 (RT) 和漂移-扩散模型 (DDM) 在解释行为症状中的预测效用.
- 确定与跨诊断症状领域相关的特定认知控制参数.
主要方法:
- 使用一个侧边任务,同时具有一致和不一致的条件.
- 采用了传统的反应时间 (RT) 测量和漂移-扩散模型 (DDM),其中包含边界分离,偏差,漂移率和非决策时间的参数.
- 分析了使用同时回归模型的青少年大脑认知发展研究中的10,343名儿童 (平均年龄10.0岁) 的数据.
主要成果:
- 只有RT的模型显示反应时间较慢与更多的行为问题相关.
- 与RT模型相比,DDM回归解释了症状领域的更多变异.
- 贫困的证据积累 (DDM漂移率) 与内部化和外部化行为有关.
- 减少非决策时间 (DDM) 独特地与违反规则和攻击性行为有关.
结论:
- 认知控制的不同方面与特定的儿童行为问题有关.
- 计算建模为认知控制动态提供了比单独的RT测量更深入的见解.
- 针对无效的认知控制可能是预防和干预儿童精神病理学的关键.
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