缓解剂预防儿科湿疹:一项随机临床试验
Eric L Simpson1, LeAnn C Michaels2, Katrina Ramsey3
1Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland.
JAMA dermatology
|July 23, 2025
概括
从婴儿早期开始的每日软化剂应用显著降低了一般婴儿群体中阿托皮炎 (AD) 的发生率. 这种干预提供了一种可行的策略,用于社区环境中的AD初级预防.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 过敏 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 亚托邦性皮肤炎 (AD) 是一种常见的儿童疾病,具有重大的全球健康影响.
- 阿尔茨海默病与患食物过敏和喘的风险增加有关.
- 在没有预先选择的风险因素的情况下,在婴儿中使用软化剂进行AD初级预防的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查每日软化剂干预措施在一般婴儿群体中对AD的初级预防的有效性.
- 为了确定从9周开始使用软化剂是否可以将AD发病率降低24个月.
主要方法:
- 一个随机的,分散的实用性临床试验,涉及1247名婴儿-父母二合体.
- 参与者被随机分配到每天全身软化剂应用或控制组,避免使用软化剂.
- 医生在24个月后诊断出AD是主要结果,通过医疗记录和电子调查收集数据.
主要成果:
- 24个月后AD的累积发病率在软化剂组为36.1%,对照组为43.0% (相对风险[RR]=0.84).
- 在软化剂组 (RR = 0.75) 观察到AD发病率显著降低,特别是在没有高风险的婴儿中.
- 在拥有狗的家庭中 (RR = 0.68) 发现了保护作用,并没有增加不良事件.
结论:
- 在9周之前开始的每日软化剂应用有效地减少了美国一般婴儿人口中AD的发病率.
- 这种干预代表了一种切实可行的方法,以减少社区儿科护理中阿尔茨海默病的负担.
- 早期使用软化剂可能是一个有价值的策略,用于预防原发性皮肤炎.
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