住院患者中的耐卡巴胺抗性格拉姆阴性细菌:意大利的五年监测
Marcello Guido1, Antonella Zizza2, Raffaella Sedile2
1Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Infectious disease reports
|July 23, 2025
概括
格拉姆阴性感染中的抗生素耐药性是一个主要问题,多药耐药菌株带来了重大治疗挑战. 这项研究突出了住院患者中耐药性的流行和模式,强调了改善诊断和管理的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学微生物学 医学微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性是一个日益增长的全球健康威胁,限制治疗选择.
- 新抗生素的开发正在下降,加剧了耐药性感染的挑战.
- 格拉姆阴性细菌感染是住院患者患病和死亡的重要原因.
研究的目的:
- 在住院患者中调查格兰氏阴性感染的流行病学和耐药性模式.
- 分析抗生素耐药性在医院环境中的分布和趋势.
- 识别关键的耐药病原体及其耐药性机制.
主要方法:
- 在5年的时间里 (2018-2022年) 从住院患者中对格拉姆阴性细菌分离物的回顾性研究.
- 使用传染病咨询数据来确定相关的患者队列.
- 对多种药物耐药性,卡巴胺耐药性和扩展谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 耐药性率的分析.
主要成果:
- 鉴定了402个格拉姆阴性分离物,其中226个 (56.2%) 呈现多药性耐药性.
- 在38.3%的隔离物中观察到碳烯胺耐药性,在18.1%的隔离物中观察到ESBL耐药性.
- 克莱布西拉肺炎 (Klebsiella pneumoniae) 显示出高抗卡巴胺 (85.2%),而大肠杆菌 (Escherichia coli) 显示出高抗ESBL (86.7%).
结论:
- 耐多药性感染与增加的死亡率,并发症和长时间住院有关.
- 快速诊断和抗菌药物管理计划对于及时和有效的治疗至关重要.
- 加强对抗微生物药物耐药性的监测对于应对这一公共卫生危机至关重要.
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