在CMS认证的美国医院内的住院精神病床容量,2011-2023年:一个横截面研究
Zoe Lindenfeld1, Jonathan H Cantor2, Colleen M McCullough2
1Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America.
住院精神病床位 (IPB) 整体保持稳定,但在短期急性护理医院下降,影响数百万. 种族少数群体居民较多的地区有较少的IPB.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 心理健康护理 获取 获取
背景情况:
- 在美国,精神疾病和自杀率仍然很高.
- 对于许多人来说,获得心理健康治疗是有限的.
- 住院精神病床 (IPB) 对于评估,药物治疗和稳定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化美国全境住院精神病医院病床数量 (IPB).
- 检查IPB可用性的地理和人口差异.
- 了解IPB分布在2011-2023年间的趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用来自美国医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心医疗费用报告信息系统 (HCRIS) 的2011-2023年全国代表性数据.
- 分析了精神病医院 (PH) 和短期急性护理医院 (STACH) 内的IPB变化.
- 采用回归模型来识别与医院和县级IPB分布相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 总的IPB保持不变,但STACH中的IPB显著下降 (11.3至9.06).
- 超过2.44亿人居住在IPB数量下降的县里.
- 1,449个县 (59万居民) 没有IPB.
- 接受DSH支付的医院,有更多的员工,并教授STACH,有更多的IPB.
- 黑人居民比例较低的县有更高的IPB.
结论:
- 美国许多县都缺乏足够的住院精神病医院病床.
- 基于STACH的IPB非常稀缺,特别是在种族少数群体居民比例较高的地区.
- 调查结果突出了精神卫生保健基础设施和获得的关键差距.
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