基于疾病前指数的饮食模式和炎症性肠病风险:系统性审查和元分析
Fanyi Meng1, Tao Zhang1, Xiangyu Meng1
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, 300000, China.
Nutrition reviews
|July 23, 2025
概括
饮食模式显著影响炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的风险. 坚持地中海或健康饮食可能会降低IBD风险,而促炎症饮食会增加IBD风险,特别是在特定人群中.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学和营养科学 胃肠病学和营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食是炎症性肠病 (IBD) 发展的关键可改变的环境因素.
- 饮食模式反映了复杂的食物相互作用,提供了对饮食影响的全面观点.
- 了解疾病前的饮食习惯对于IBD风险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估疾病前的饮食模式与发展IBD的风险之间的关联.
- 利用元分析,综合来自多项研究的证据.
主要方法:
- 在四个主要数据库 (PubMed,科学网,Embase,Cochrane图书馆) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 使用随机效应模型计算聚合相对风险 (RR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
- 根据研究设计,使用的地区,年龄和饮食指数进行了子组分析.
主要成果:
- 坚持地中海饮食 (RR 0.66) 和"健康饮食模式" (RR 0.81) 与降低IBD风险有关.
- 促炎症饮食与克罗恩病风险增加有关 (RR 1.44).
- 亚组分析表明,地中海饮食的保护作用在成年人中并不显著,在亚洲研究中,促炎症饮食增加了性结肠炎的风险.
结论:
- 疾病前的饮食模式显著影响IBD的发展.
- 地中海和健康的饮食模式与一般人群中IBD风险较低有关.
- 促炎症饮食增加IBD风险,区域和人口因素可能会改变这些影响.
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