使用自然语言处理对计算机断层扫描成像指示的自动抽象,用于评估长期肺癌幸存者的监视模式
Aparajita Khan1,2, Eunji Choi2,3, Chloe Su2,4
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, India.
JCO clinical cancer informatics
|July 23, 2025
概括
一个新的自然语言处理模型准确地预测了肺癌幸存者的计算机断层扫描 (CT) 扫描指示. 这提高了对CT监控的理解.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 计算机断层扫描 (CT) 监测是肺癌 (LC) 监测的标准.
- 关于CT对整体存活时间 (OS) 的影响的现实世界证据不一致.
- 混因素包括非监视CT指示 (例如,症状评估).
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的自然语言处理 (NLP) 模型来预测CT成像指示.
- 在LC幸存者中区分监视CT和CT用于其他目的.
- 澄清CT监测与整体存活率 (OS) 之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用了585名长期LC幸存者的电子健康记录.
- 综合结构化数据 (CT间隔) 用关键词分析对3,362个5年后的CT报告进行了分析.
- 采用一种新的NLP模型来预测指示,并进行倾向调整的生存分析.
主要成果:
- NLP模型在预测CT指标方面表现出高的歧视性 (AUC,0.86).
- 关键预测因素包括较长的CT间隔 (≥6个月) 和与监测相关的短语.
- 倾向调整后的分析显示,5年后监测CT患者的生存状况有所改善 (aHR,0.60;P=.016).
结论:
- NLP模型有效地从现实数据中抽象CT指示.
- 准确的指示预测对于了解CT监测对OS的真正影响至关重要.
- 这种模型对未来的瘤学真实世界证据研究具有潜力.
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