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通过LYCHOS-mTORC1通路对胆固醇感应的结构性见解
Shang Yu1, Jin-Hui Ding2, Jia-le Wang2,3
1Department of Biophysics, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Nature communications
|July 23, 2025
概括
溶酶体胆固醇传感器LYCHOS调节mTORC1的信号传递. 结构研究揭示了胆固醇结合如何改变LYCHOS形状,影响GATOR1相互作用和mTORC1通路调节.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 细胞信号传输 细胞信号传输
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 溶解体胆固醇传感器LYCHOS对于调节mTORC1信号来说至关重要.
- 了解LYCHOS功能的结构基础对于破译其在细胞胆固醇稳态和mTORC1通路调节中的作用至关重要.
- 关于LYCHOS介导的胆固醇传感的精确结构机制及其对GATOR1相互作用的下游影响的先前知识是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 阐明 lysosomal 胆固醇传感器 LYCHOS 调节 mTORC1 信号的结构机制.
- 为了确定人类LYCHOS在对胆固醇结合的反应中不同的构造状态.
- 为开发向的mTORC1通路抑制剂提供结构基础.
主要方法:
- 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 来确定人类LYCHOS的高分辨率结构.
- 获得了六种不同的冷EM结构,捕获了蛋白质的五种不同的功能状态.
- 对结合胆固醇模拟物胆固醇半酸盐 (CHS) 的结构变化进行了分析.
主要成果:
- 六个冷-EM结构揭示了LYCHOS同质体的五个不同的状态,在收缩 (CHS-bound) 和扩展 (CHS-deficient) 形状之间进行过渡.
- 莱科斯单体由一种类似透酶的域 (PLD) 和一种类似GPCR的域 (GLD) 组成,与相邻的胆固醇结合位点相连.
- 胆固醇结合会诱导构造性转变,暴露与GATOR1相互作用的转膜15的细胞质延伸,从而调节mTORC1的信号传递.
结论:
- 这项研究阐明了LYCHOS感知胆固醇的结构机制及其对mTORC1通路的调节.
- 这些发现为了解LYCHOS如何通过GATOR1.1将胆固醇水平与mTORC1信号相结合提供了详细的结构基础.
- 这些见解为设计针对LYCHOS扩展状态的特定抑制剂铺平了道路,以调节mTORC1通路.
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