在初级预防护理中对心血管风险感知的正确性:一项多中心横截面意大利研究
The Journal of cardiovascular nursing
|July 24, 2025
概括
许多人低估了自己的心血管疾病风险. 这项意大利研究发现,错误的风险感知与增加实际心血管风险的因素有关,凸显了更好的查的必要性.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 个人对心血管疾病风险评估对于初级预防至关重要.
- 然而,公众对个人心血管风险的看法往往不同于现实.
研究的目的:
- 在接受查的意大利人口中,将感知到的心血管风险与计算的真实风险进行比较.
- 确定与不准确的心血管风险感知相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项横截式的多中心研究包括286名意大利成年人 (40-69岁) 没有先前心血管事件.
- 心血管风险感知通过五分利克尔特尺度进行评估;实际风险是使用SCORE2算法计算的.
- 收集了社会人口统计和临床数据,以分析与风险感知之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 大多数参与者 (67.8%) 的真实心血管风险低/中等,并准确地感知了它 (91.2%).
- 然而,在那些具有高/非常高实际风险的人中 (32.2%),显著多数 (91-94%) 的风险感知不正确.
- 不准确的风险感知与社会人口因素 (性别,年龄,教育,就业) 和临床因素 (吸烟,血压,脂质) 密切相关.
结论:
- 在意大利一般人群中,错误的心血管风险感知与提高实际心血管风险的特征有关.
- 社区心血管查计划应包括对风险感知的评估.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解风险感知不准确性的决定因素和后果.
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