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在肥胖研究中导航小鼠模型的优点和局限性

Patric J D Delhanty¹, Jenny A Visser¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands.

|July 24, 2025

概括

鼠标模型对于了解肥胖和能量平衡至关重要. 本综述强调了单一肥胖模型的关键发现,并讨论了如何提高它们对人类健康的可转化性.

科学领域:

代谢性疾病研究研究.
肥胖的动物模型
能量的恒常状态 (Energy homeostasis) 是一种能量的恒常状态.

背景情况:

肥胖是一个重要的健康问题,也是代谢疾病的危险因素.
能量失衡导致肥胖,小鼠模型已经阐明了关键的调节机制.
在了解肥胖的病理生理学方面仍然存在差距.

研究的目的:

审查肥胖的单基性小鼠模型及其对理解能量平衡的贡献.
讨论影响小鼠肥胖模型转化到人类的因素.
在小鼠模型中探索研究非编码基因组全局关联研究 (GWAS) 信号的策略.

主要方法:

对肥胖的单基性小鼠模型现有文献的综述.
对调节能量平衡的生理系统进行分析,例如,莱普-梅拉诺科丁通路.
讨论混因素和遗传分析的潜在策略.

主要成果:

单基性小鼠模型已经确定了能量恒温的关键路径,比如丁-黑色素cortin路径.
这些模型提供了对基因与环境相互作用的见解,特别是饮食.
在小鼠中使用先进的遗传工具可以进行详细的机理学研究.

结论:

单基性小鼠模型在发现与人类相关的能量平衡的基本机制方面发挥了重要作用.
解决混因素对于提高小鼠肥胖研究的可翻译性至关重要.
使用小鼠模型进行进一步的研究可以阐明非编码遗传变异的功能作用.

关键词:

跨物种保护跨物种保护单基性肥胖症单基性肥胖症鼠标模型鼠标模型性别差异的性别差异.热生成是一种热生成.

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