咖啡消费作为血清脂质特征的双刃剑:来自NHANES 2005-2020的发现
Chaoyue Mo1, Xintong Duan1, Junlin Pu1
1Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Frontiers in nutrition
|July 24, 2025
概括
每天喝咖啡与增加总胆固醇和LDL胆固醇有关. 然而,对高密度胆固醇和甘油三的影响因性别而异,观察到复杂的非线性关联.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 脂质代谢 脂质代谢是什么
背景情况:
- 对咖啡对心血管的影响越来越感兴趣.
- 脱脂症是心血管疾病的一个关键可修改的风险因素.
- 咖啡对脂质代谢的潜在影响需要进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 探索咖啡消费与血清脂质概况之间的关联.
- 为了解咖啡对心血管的影响提供见解.
- 为心血管疾病患者提供饮食建议.
主要方法:
- 利用来自2005-2020年国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的横截面数据.
- 对血清脂质概况 (TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C) 进行分析的每日咖啡消费量 (杯).
- 采用加权多重线性回归,子组分析和受限立方线回归 (RCS).
主要成果:
- 每天一杯咖啡与总胆固醇 (TC) 的1.23 mg/dl增加和LDL胆固醇 (LDL-C) 的1.22 mg/dl增加相关.
- 每天消费≥3杯显示出更明显的增加:TC为8.45 mg/dl,LDL-C为7.86 mg/dl,每增加1杯.
- 在增加咖啡摄入量时,发现了针对女性的HDL-C和男性的TG的性别特定的反转U形关联.
结论:
- 咖啡消费对血清脂质有不同的影响,增加TC和LDL-C,同时显示出HDL-C和TG的复杂,性别特定的模式.
- 雌性对HDL-C表现出反转的U形关联,男性对TG表现出反转的U形关联,具有特定的峰值消费水平.
- 虽然这些脂质变化具有统计学意义,但其临床相关性取决于个体的心血管风险概况.
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