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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
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Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators

Published on: November 27, 2015

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在无溶剂条件下,用于在无溶剂条件下直接化酒精的磁性混合型sol-gel离子网络催化剂

Maryam Faraji1, Fariborz Mansouri2, Babak Karimi1,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Prof. Yousef Sobouti Boulevard, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran. karimi@iasbs.ac.ir.

Nanoscale
|July 24, 2025
PubMed
概括

一种新的磁纳米粒子催化剂有效催化了化反应. 这种可重复使用的固体酸催化剂在无溶剂条件下对各种酒精具有高活性,选择性和耐久性.

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During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...
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Esters are reduced to primary alcohols when treated with a strong reducing agent like lithium aluminum hydride. The reaction requires two equivalents of the reducing agent and proceeds via an aldehyde intermediate.
Lithium aluminum hydride is a source of hydride ions and functions as a nucleophile. The mechanism proceeds in three steps. Firstly, the nucleophilic hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the carbonyl group re-forms,...
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