他们为什么要离开? 最近被诊断为艾滋病毒的南非年轻人测试后与磨损相关的因素:一项观察性研究
Ingrid T Katz1, Tiffany Lemon2, Elzette Rousseau3
1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
概括
在南非,大多数被诊断为艾滋病毒感染的年轻人并没有开始接受治疗. 与家庭生活和披露艾滋病毒状况与启动抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 有关.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 南非的青少年和年轻人 (AYA) 面临着开始HIV治疗的重大障碍.
- 有限的研究存在于影响最近被诊断为AYA的护理消耗的社会行为因素.
- 了解这些因素对于改善艾滋病毒护理参与至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响与护理和抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 启动联系的社会行为因素,在南非最近诊断的AYA中.
- 确定障碍物和促进者参与艾滋病毒治疗在这个弱势群体.
主要方法:
- 招募了100名AYA的队列,这些AYA最近在开普敦被诊断患有艾滋病毒.
- 在诊断和6个月的随访时进行了社会行为调查.
- 电子健康记录追踪了与护理的联系,ART启动和病毒载荷抑制在一年内.
主要成果:
- 在93个符合条件的AYA中,大多数 (88%) 在一年内没有与护理联系.
- 超过80%的人报告说,他们缺乏粮食安全,并担心披露自己的艾滋病毒状况.
- 在11个与护理相关的AYA中,10个启动了ART,6个实现了病毒抑制.
- 与非发起者相比,ART发起者更有可能与家人住在一起,并披露他们的身份.
- 预期和实施的耻辱的较高水平是由ART非发起者报告的.
结论:
- 在南非,很大一部分最近被诊断为AYA的患者在一年内没有接受HIV护理.
- 家庭支持和披露艾滋病毒状况似乎是启动ART的重要因素.
- 需要采取干预策略来解决耻辱和粮食不安全问题,以改善艾滋病毒感染AYA的护理.
相关概念视频
Longitudinal Research
12.5K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.5K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
326
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
326
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
12.3K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
12.3K
Retrovirus Life Cycles
46.9K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
46.9K
Sexually Transmitted Infections
415
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
415
Factors Affecting Illness
4.4K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
4.4K


