估计与饮食和卷烟相关的暴露相关的全球负担和健康风险
Jianjiang Shao1, Guanling Song2,3,4,5, Yunhua Hu6,7,8,9
1Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
Biological trace element research
|July 24, 2025
概括
从饮食和香烟中获得的全球 (Cd) 暴露显著影响心血管疾病 (CVD) 负担和癌症风险. 通过食品控制和烟草政策减少环境中的Cd暴露对公共卫生至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- (Cd) 是一种有毒的重金属,对环境和健康有重大影响.
- 饮食和吸烟是人类暴露的主要途径.
- 了解暴露对全球健康的负担对于有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化评估饮食和卷烟相关的暴露对全球健康的负担和风险.
- 为制定全球暴露预防和控制政策建立一个科学基础.
- 评估对心血管疾病和癌症风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 将食品和香烟中的度数据与消费数据结合起来,以估计暴露水平.
- 利用毒性动力学 (TK) 模型将饮食中的暴露转化为尿路中的 (U-Cd),用于心血管疾病 (CVD) 负担评估.
- 雇佣了美国环境保护局 (USEPA) 的风险评估模型,用于与香烟有关的癌症和非癌症风险.
主要成果:
- 全球平均每日饮食中的摄入量为2.20μg/kg体重/天;每日吸烟暴露量为0.0359μg/kg体重/天.
- 饮食中的摄入量解释了6.08%的心血管疾病,3.34%的中风和2.74%的冠心病 (CHD) 的全球负担.
- 与香烟相关的暴露导致过度终身癌症风险 (ELCR) 为0.0037,非癌症危险系数 (NCHQ) 为26.89.
结论:
- 从饮食来源和吸烟中接触,对全球心血管疾病负担作出了重大贡献,并增加了癌症风险.
- 迫切需要减少环境中的暴露.
- 公共卫生政策应侧重于加强食品中的控制,并实施有效的烟草控制措施,以减轻健康风险.
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