探索性别-典型的职业愿望和教育选择之间的联系:异质的发展途径
Jeffrey M DeVries1, Fani Lauermann2
1School of Education, University of California, Irvine.
Developmental psychology
|July 24, 2025
概括
青少年 青少年 青少年
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育社会学教育的社会学
- 职业发展研究 职业发展研究
背景情况:
- 在教育和职业选择中的性别差异通常在男性或女性主导的领域进行研究.
- 然而,职业类别内存在显著的性别比例差异,需要细致的调查.
- 青少年的职业偏好受到复杂的发展轨迹和社会性别规范的影响.
研究的目的:
- 检查青少年职业偏好的异质发展轨迹.
- 将职业愿望与职业性别比例以及随后的学术选择联系起来.
- 了解不同的发育模式如何预测学术信仰和主要选择.
主要方法:
- 对4759名德国学术专业学生 (9-12年级) 的纵向研究.
- 职业偏好与人口普查数据有关职业性别比例的分析.
- 增长混合模型用于识别职业愿望中不同的发展模式.
主要成果:
- 52%的学生在12年级之前渴望从事性别分离的职业.
- 确定了五种不同的发展轨迹:稳定的男性占主导地位,女性占主导地位,性别中立,以及类别之间的转变.
- 职业生涯轨迹模式预测了学术信仰,学科选择 (数学与语言艺术) 和大学专业.
结论:
- 青少年的职业偏好表现出多样化的发展模式,而不仅仅是稳定的性别类型选择.
- 追求男性主导的职业与数学发展相关,而女性主导的职业与语言发展相关.
- 在数学上取得高成绩的女孩显示向男性主导的职业转移,而取得高成绩的男孩则保持着稳定的男性主导的轨迹.
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