活着的意志:关于葡萄牙全科医生的观点,知识和临床使用的跨部门研究
Mariana Batista Maciel1, Luísa Castro2,3, Rui Nunes3
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
|July 24, 2025
概括
葡萄牙GP承认活体遗嘱,但由于知识差距和实际问题,很少讨论它们. 需要有针对性的培训和公众意识,以改善事先的护理规划.
科学领域:
- 医疗法律和伦理学
- 初级医疗保健医学 一级医疗保健医学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 自2012年以来,生活遗嘱,未来医疗保健偏好的法律文件,存在于葡萄牙.
- 公众对活体遗嘱的参与度仍然很低,公众和医疗保健专业人员之间存在意识差距.
- 一般医生 (GPs) 在医疗素养和患者在预先护理规划方面的自主性方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 评估葡萄牙GP的观点,知识和临床应用活体遗嘱.
- 确定在初级保健中使用活体遗嘱的障碍和促进因素.
- 为提高葡萄牙提前护理计划的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对葡萄牙的一般医生进行了一项横截面的定量调查.
- 一个30项在线问卷评估了人口统计,知识,态度和与活体遗嘱相关的临床实践.
- 使用了非参数统计分析,包括斯皮尔曼相关性和曼-惠特尼测试.
主要成果:
- 392名全科医生参与了调查,平均年龄为35岁.
- 近50%的全科医生与患者讨论了预先指示 (AD),但22.3%的医生无法在电子系统中找到遗嘱.
- 一般医生正确回答了14个关于葡萄牙AD法律问题的中位数10个问题; <1%的病人询问了ADs.
结论:
- 一般医生认识到活体意志的重要性,但由于知识缺陷和实际障碍,很少讨论它们.
- 显然需要加强医疗保健专业人员关于活体遗嘱和ADs的培训.
- 宣传活动对于促进初级保健机构的先进护理规划至关重要.
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