发酵乳制品对胃肠道健康和相关生物标志物的影响
1Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
Nutrition reviews
|July 24, 2025
概括
酸奶和奶酪等发酵乳制品对肠道健康有潜在的益处,改善症状和炎症标志物. 虽然并非所有研究都发现了显著的改善,但没有报告任何有害影响,这表明它在消化健康方面发挥了有希望的作用.
科学领域:
- 胃肠道学和营养学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 发酵乳制品食品在全球范围内消费,并含有生物活性化合物.
- 它们对胃肠道健康的影响是一个正在进行的研究领域.
- 之前的研究表明了潜在的益处,但需要全面审查.
研究的目的:
- 对发酵乳制品食品对胃肠道症状和生物标志物的影响进行观察性和随机对照试验的审查.
- 综合有关酸奶,,发酵牛奶和奶酪对肠道健康的影响的证据.
- 确定结果的趋势,并建议未来的研究方向.
主要方法:
- 发表文献的叙事审查.
- 包括测量胃肠道症状 (不适,腹,便秘) 和健康生物标志物 (肠道透性,免疫反应,微生物群,SCFA) 的研究.
- 专注于发酵乳制品,包括含有益生菌菌株的乳制品,跨越多种人群.
主要成果:
- 包括37份报告,其中21份涉及含有益生菌的产品.
- 没有研究报告发酵乳制品对肠道健康的不良影响.
- 大多数研究显示,胃肠道症状 (如疼痛,胀气,便秘) 改善,炎症标志物 (如TNFα) 减少.
- 在几个试验中观察到肠道微生物群的变化和便SCFA的增加.
结论:
- 发酵乳制品食品对胃肠道症状和炎症标志物产生普遍积极的影响.
- 虽然一些研究报告没有显著的益处,总体发现表明发酵乳制品在肠道健康方面具有安全和潜在的有益作用.
- 未来的研究应该集中在特定的人群,健康状况和临床相关结果上,以进一步阐明这些影响.
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